Fluid-pressure motor.



J. E. EBERSOLE.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 27, 1912.

1,072,1 0%, Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventor,

Attorneys.

J. E. EBERSOLB.

I FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION rum) mm: 21, 1012.

1 ,O'72,1 O4, Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

3 BHBETE-BHEBT 2.

J. E. EBERSOLE.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 27, 1912.

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

3 SHEETSSHEBT 3.

Witnesses N MW Attorneys.

JAMES E. EBERSOLE, OF PALMYRA, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

Application filed .Tune 27, 1912. Serial No. 708,261.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMES E. Ennnsonn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Palmyra, in the county of Lebanon and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Fluid-Pressure Motor, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in fluid pressure motors, the primary object of the invention being the provision of a novel mechanism in which a peculiar construction of shaft and piston are so mounted as to be operated either as a pneumatic startingdevice for explosive engines and also as a pump for re-supplying the air storage for actuating the device as a starter.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the. invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention'herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without. departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings-Figure 1 is a side elevation of an explosive engine with the present device shown in operable relation thereto, the clutch being out, the air reservoir and the connections being shown in diagram. Fig. 2 is av longitudinal sectional view through the air motor or pump and the cylinder for controlling the clutch member, the parts being in the position they assume when the reservoir is filled and no air is being admitted to the motor. Fig. 3 is a similar view through the pump cylinder and air cylinder of the clutch device with the valve in the position it assumes after having admitted air to the motor, the piston of the motor being in the extreme end of the stroke, and after having started the engine. Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detailed perspective view of the spiral engaging member of the piston. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the sliding member carried by the piston for locking the spiral engaging member.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 desi nates one clutch member carried by the sha t of the engine E, while 2 designates the sliding member mounted upon the shaft 3 of the motor and pump, said shaft being rotatably mounted within the stutling box 4 and disposed concentrically of and the full length of the cylinder 5.

The clutch here shown is simply shown to illustrate the mode of operation of the present device, applicant reserving the right to employ any form of clutch and if so desired to place the shaft 3 in any position with relation to the engine shaft as will prove most advantageous.

The opposite end of the cylinder 5 is closed by the head 6 provided with the concentrically disposed socketed sleeve or boss 7 terminating in the reduced and exterior-1y threaded end 7', the purpose of which will later appear. The shaft 2 within the casing or cylinder 5 is provided with the enlarged portion 8 having the spiral groove 9 formed therein and so constructed that the necessary revolutions to impart initial rotation to the shaft of the engine E is provided.

Mounted within the cylinder and having its respective ends disposed within the explosive end of the cylinder 5 and the removable head (3 thereof is a cylindrical rod 10, and mounted for reciprocation within the cylinder 5 and held against rotation by means of the rod 10, is the piston head 11 provided with two packing rings a and further provided with the enlarged bore or socket 12 for the reception of the reduced cylindrical portion 13 of the spiral engaging member 16. The reduced portion is provided with the circumferential groove 1% which with the pin 15 carried by the piston 11 provides a means to hold the portion 13 relatively to the piston head 11, its spiral engaging member thereby being permitted rotation independently of the piston head 11,asithas been found advisable in practice, that such member should have a slight oscillating movement axially of the shaft 3 and piston 11 when being engaged, held rigid and released, so that the lug 17 carried by said spiral engaging member 16, when such member is locked and the piston 11 is reciprocated from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3, to impart rotation to the shaft 3 or be released so as to rotate freely relatively to the piston when the piston is returned from the position shown ily carried by the piston 11, is permitted a sliding movement toward and from the face of the, piston 11 from the in position asv shown in Fig. 2 to the out position as shown in Fig. 3. is keyed upon and slidable with the pin or rod 21 which is slidably mounted in the bore 20 of the piston 11 and passes through the stufling box 22 j at the opposite head of the piston 11 so that no air is permitted to escape at this point. The head 23 of the pin 21 limits the movement of the same in the position as shown in Fig. 3, and the projecting end 21 of the rod 21 is disposed beyond the outer face of the member 24 and in line with the spring cushioned actuator 25,which is disposed within the bore 26 and removable cap 27, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. It will thus'be seen that when the piston 11 is in the position as shown in Fig. 3, that the member 24 will be moved out of engagement with the spiral engaging member 16, and that the member 16 will then be free to rotate and thus release the piston 11 to the action of the main spring 28 disposed within the concentric bore 29 of the sleeve 7 and about the shaft incasing tube 30 of the piston 11, said tube 30 being fast to the piston 11 and carried thereby, into and out of the bore 29. In the movement of the piston 11 due to the spring 28 from the position shown in Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 2, the rod 10 holding the piston 11 against rotation, the projecting end 21 of the pin 21 will be directed into the open end of the socket 26 to engage the spring. cushioned stud or pin 25, thus relieving the pin 21 of a jar, yet at the same time offering suflicient resistance to" move the pin 21 from the position as shown in Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 2, so that the member for engaging the spiral 24 will be i moved toward the piston 11 so that the ,tively thereto. In order to prevent the same will assume the position as shown in Fig. 4. The shouldered portions 24 are disposed to engage or limit the movement of the spiral engaging member 16, which as before stated is permitted a slight play to prevent any toosuddenjar and also to insure the proper position of the member 24 relamember 24 from rotating and thus at all times be presented in the proper position, a

pin 24 is carried by the piston 11 to form with the aperture 24 of the member 24, a sliding guide. From this description it will be seen that the piston 11 will act upon and rotate the shaft 3 onl when moved from the position shown in ig. 2 to that shown in Fig.3, the spiral engaging member 16 at This locking member 24 emma lug 17 and the spiral 9 of the shaft 3 when the piston 11 is propelled by the spring 28 from the position shown in Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 2.

In the sealed head of the cylinder 5 is the inlet port 31 which has connected thereto, the conduit or pipe 32 which leads to and is connected to one coupling 33 of the valve casin 34. A pipe 35 is led away-from the coupling 36 to a T-coupling 37. Connected to one branch of the T-coupling is a conduit 38 containing a check valve 39, said conduit 38 being connected to the sleeve 7 through the port 40, to direct the compressed air when the piston 11 is being actuated as a pump through the check valve 39 and the pipes 38 and 41 to the air storage tank 42 disposed at any convenient place. By this means the check valve 39 will revent any back flow of air into the sleeve 7 right of the piston 11 within the cylinder 5.

and to the Mounted in the reduced end 7' of the the shaft to start the engine. The outer end I 47 of the valve 43 is normally held in the position shown in Fig. 2 by means of the spring 48.

A nipple 49 is connected to the coupling 60 of the valve casing 34 and conducts air to the air cylinder 51 of the clutch actuating mechanism, the air acting upon the piston 52 and against the spring 53, while the piston rod 54 is slidably mounted through the head 55 of the cylinder 51 and has its outer end connected to the upper end 56 of the bell crank lever 57, said lever being fulcrumed in the lug 58, carried by the sealed end of the cylinder 5, so that its forked end 59 will be disposed to operably engage the grooved collar 60 of the movable clutch member 2. It will thus be seen that when the. air pressure is within the cylinder 51 and is sufficient to compress the spring 53, that the clutch member 2 will be disengaged from the clutch member 1 and that thus the shaft 3 will be disconnected from the engine. It will also be seen that the actuation of the clutch member 2 is entirely automatic due the valve casing 34 is provided with the two vent ports 64 and 65, it being necessary to vent the cylinder 51 to permit of the automatic throwing in of the clutch member 2 when it is desired to use the device as an engine starter with full pressure in the reservoir 42, or to vent the cylinder 5 through the port 31 and conduit 32 when the piston 11 is being operated as an air supplying pump. a

The valve 61 is a manually controlled valve and is readily accessible through any operating means by the operator of the machine, but in the present instance its stem 66 is shown as having connected thereto the operating handle 67 which when the ports are in normal position, that is with the engine E running and the tank 42 fully stored, will assume the position as shown in Fig. 1. With the parts in the position as shown in Fig. 1, and assuming that the engine E is at a standstill and it is desired to start the same, the operator will move the handle 67 to the left as viewed in Fig. 1 causing the valve 61 to move from the position as shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3, at which time the port 62 will be placed in registration with the vent port 64, thus relieving the air from the cylinder 51 to cause the piston 52 to be moved from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3, so that the clutch member 2 is moved into engagement with the clutch member 1 of the engine. At

the same time the port 63 will be placed in registration with the conduit 35 and the conduit 32, and as the piston is in the position as shown in Fig. 2, the same will be propelled from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3, and as the spiral engaging member 16 is locked by the block 24, and the piston 11 is held against rotation due to the rod 10, the shaft 3 will be rotated and through the clutch members 1 and 2 will impart the necessary number of rotations to the engine shaft. As the piston 11 moves toward the head 6, the head 23 of the rod 21 will be moved in engagement therewith and the member 24 will be moved from engagement with the member 16 and the valve 61 is operated to release the pressure at the rear of the piston so that the spring 28 will npw he brought into play and will move the piston from the position shown in Fig. 3

ack to the position shown in Fig.2.

\Vhen the valve 61 is operated through the handle 67, the handle 67 also pulls upon the rod 68, which in turn actuates the lever 69 mounted in the bracket 70 and causes its lower end 71 to engage the in or stem 47 to move the valve 43 inwar ly and off its seat, thus permitting any air to the right of the piston 11 as shown in Fig. 2, to be forced through the vent port 46, and relieving any pressure upon that side and permitting the air pressure which is operating to move the piston to the right as viewed in Fig. 2, to properly rotate the shaft 3 and start the engine.

Assuming that the engine hasbeen started, the clutch member still being in, the engine will now rotate the shaft 3, and the operator will now operate the lever 67 to move the same to assume the osition as shown in Fig. 1, thus causing t 1e valve 61 to assume the position as shown in Fig. 2, so that no air is permitted to flow from the conduit 35 into the conduit 32, while the valve 43 due to the release of the lever 69 will automatically seat itself and thus close the port 46, while the port 63 will be placed in registration with the conduit 32 and the vent port 65. The rotation of the shaft 3 will now, assumin that the piston 11 has been returned fi om the position shown in Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 2 by means of the spring 28, thus having the block 24 to lock the s iral engaging member 16 rigidly with the piston 11, the piston 11 will be moved from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3, due to the rotation of the shaft 3 and the action of the spiral groove 9 upon the lug 17. This action will compress the air to the right of the piston 11 as viewed in Fig. 2 forcing the same through the port 41 and check valve 39 and through the conduits 38 and 41 to the reservoir 42, a slight amount of the compressed air leaking into the conduit 35 and through the port 62 into the clutch actuatin cylinder 51. As the spring 53 is of Sn 'cient tension to withstand up to a predetermined amount of a r pressure, the same will not be actuated until the roper air pressure has been stored within t e tank 42, at which time, the piston Wlll be caused to move from the position as shown in Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 2, at which time the'clutch member 2 will be disengaged from the clutch member 1 and the shaft 3 disconnected so that the piston 11 will be brought to a standstill. The conduit 41 is connected to the reservoir 42 through a valve casing 72, whose valve (not shown) is provided with a stem 73 around which 15 coiled a spring 74 which normally holds the valve closed and thus prevents the leakage of any of the stored air from the tank 42, such leakage often being due to the various joints made in the conduits leading to the cylinder 5. The handle 75 of the valve stem 73 is provided and has connected thereto, a rod 76 which is led to any convenient place in the motor car, so that when the motor car is ready for starting, the handle 75 is depressed against the tension of the spring 74 and the valve stem is actuated to open the valve (not shown) and thus permit air pressure to flow from the reservoir 42 through the conduit 41. The rod 76 is preferably attached to a pivoted member of the chau feurs seat (not shown), so that when the I guldlng the piston and preventlng rotation seat is occupied, the valve controlled by the stem 73 will be opened, the same automatically closing due to the removal of the chaufl'eur from the seat.

From the foregoing description, taken in.- connection with the drawings it is evident that with the present equipment that a very nections may be led from the reservoir 42,

whereby the tires of the motor vehicle may be pumped, or if so desired a nipple may be connected directly in the pipe 38 or the easing 7 to permit of the supplying of air directly from the pump.

The reduced ortion 8 is provided upon 7 the shaft 3, so t at should the engine back fire, the member 16 and its lug 17 will pass out of the spiral 9 and about the reduced portion 8, thus permitting the shaft 3 to be'rotated by the engine without danger to the piston 11, and members 16 and 24:. By this means and the block'24, the piston will be placed idle in both extreme positions, thus reducing the liability to breakage of the movingparts by jamming or any other cause.

What is claimed is: i

p 1; A pressure fluid motor, having a cylinder, a shaft rotatably mounted therein and provided with a spiral groove within the cylinder, a piston mounted for sliding movement within the cylinder and about the shaft, means for admitting pressure fluid at one end of the cylinder, means for thereof, a spiral engaging member rotatably mounted in the piston, and means carried by the piston for locking the spiral engaging member to cause the piston to be reciprocated when the shaft is rotated or the shaft rotated when the piston is reciprocated, and a spring for moving the piston in an opposite direction to the pressure fluid. v

2. A pressure fluid motor having a cylinder, a shaft rotatably mounted therein and provided with a spiral groove within the /cylinder, a piston mounted for sliding movement within the cylinder "and about the shaft, means for admitting pressure fluid at one side of the piston, means for guidin vthe piston and preventing rotation thereo'i,

a spiral engaging member rotatably mounted in the piston, means carried by the piston for locking the spiral engaging member to cause the piston-to belreciprocated when the shaft is rotated-or the shaft rotated when .the piston is reciprocated, and a spring for ing member and the pressure fluid are released. c

3. A pressure fluid motor including acylinder, a piston reciprocatingly mounted within the cylinder, manually controlled means for admitting, to and exhausting pressure fluid from one end of the'cylinder, means engaging the piston to prevent the same from rotation, a shaft mounted concentrically within the cylinder and of the piston, the portion within the cylinder hav- I mg a spiral groove, a spiral groove engaging member rotatabl mounted within the piston, means for locking and releasing the spiral engaging member against rotation carried by the piston, and a spring within the cylinder for returning the piston after the pressure fluid is released.

4. A pressure fluidmotor including acylinder having two conduits connected to the respective ends thereof, a manually operable valve in one condult to control the admission of and exhaust of the pressure fluid from the cylinder, a shaft mounted for rotation within the cylinder and provided with a spiral groove intermediate of its ends and within the cylinder, a piston reciprocatingly mopnted within the cylinder,

means for preventing the rotation of the piston, a spring engaging the piston to move the same in opposition to the pressure fluid, a spiral engaging member rotatably mounted within the piston, a locking and releasing member therefor, a spring closed vent valve being mounted in t e'other conduit, and means operably connected with the manually operated valve and the vent valve for opening the vent valve when the manually operated valve is open and pressure is flowing to the pressure side of the piston.

5. A fluidpressure motor including a c linder, a head connected thereto provi ed with a concentrically disposed sleeve hav-, ing a concentrically disposed vent port, a spring closed valve for controlling said port, a shaft mounted concentrically or the cylinder and provided with a spiral groove intermediate of its ends and within the cylinder, a piston slidably mounted within the the shaft, means for holding the piston against rotation, a spring mounted 1n the concentric sleeve and actuating the piston to move the same in one direction, a spiral en-l gaging member carried by and rotatably mounted in the piston, a slidably mounted block carried by the piston and disposed to 1 look and release the spiral engaging member, said block being placed in locked position when the piston is moved to its extremeposition by the spring, the same being released when the piston is moved in the extreme position in the opposite direction, a

manually controlled valve for controlli returmngthe piston when the spiral engags the supply and exhaust of the pressure flui 13o to and from the opposite end of the cylinder, and means operably connected with said valve and the vent valve for opening the vent valve when pressure fluid is admitted to the cylinder in opposition to the spring.

6. A pressure fluid motor including a cylinder provided with one head having a concentrically disposed sleeve, said sleeve hav ing a port leading therefrom, the opposite head of the cylinder also being provided with a port, a shaft rotatably mounted concentrically of the cylinder, said shaft being provided with a spiral groove, a piston mounted for reciprocation Within the cylinder, means mounted within the cylinder and engaging the piston to prevent the rotation of the piston, a spring mounted within the sleeve of the cylinder and exertin a pressure to hold the piston away towar one end of the cylinder, a spiral groove engaging member rotatably mounted in the piston, a lockin and releasing member for the same carrie by the piston, and a slidably mounted rod having its respective ends di osed to project one at a time upon either sifl e of the piston to be actuated by enga ement with the respective heads of the cy 'nder to release the spiral groove engaging member when the spring is fully compressed and to the same when the spring has moved the piston to full stroke in the opposite direction.

7. A pressure fluid motor, including a cylinder, a shaft rotatably mounted therein and provided with a spiral groove terminating at one end in a circumferential groove, a rociprocatory piston in the cylinder and loosely surrounding the shaft, means to hold the piston against rotation, a spring for moving the piston in one direction, a spiral engage the spiral groove of the shaft and means for locking and releasing said member carried by the piston and operated to release when the piston is at the o posite end to the circumferential groove 0 the shaft, said circumferential groove providing a receptacle for the lug when out of the spiral groove to permit free rotation of the shaft.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto afiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JAMES E. EBERSOLE.

Witnesses:

Snnnu WILLBON, Mormon E. MILLER. 

